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It is an proxy which is also known as a proxy server. It's software that acts to act as an intermediary for server and a client over the internet. In the absence of a proxy server, a client could make a request for an entity directly through a server and the server would then provide the requested resource directly to the client. While this is a simple method to understand and implement with proxy servers, it could offer advantages in terms of greater performance as well as privacy, security and more. In addition, a pass-through proxy is an extra security layer on the internet between servers and clients.




It is generally accepted that the entire set of server hardware along with the software that is installed for proxy servers is commonly called proxy servers. This article will focus on proxy servers which are usually described as software, and when referring to web servers. This article will give an extensive description of two primary types: a forward proxy and reverse proxy. reverse proxy. Each kind has its own specific usage case, but they're often confused due to the same name-based convention.




This article will provide you with information on what proxies are and the subtypes of them, and how they work in the most common configurations. In this article you will be able to identify the scenarios where you could make use of a proxy, and decide on the most appropriate solution between forward proxy and reverse proxy in any circumstance.



Understanding Forward Proxies



The forward proxy also known by its name of the open proxy is an agent for a user who wishes to send a request through the internet to an original server. In this scenario it is the case that all requests made by the user would prefer to be sent through this forward proxy. A forward proxy, acting in instead of the customer will examine the request. The first step is to decide if the client is permitted to make requests through this specific forward proxy. Then it can either reject the request or forward it to the server originally. The client does not directly connect to the Internet. It can only reach what forward proxy permits for it to reach.




The most popular applications of forward proxies is to improve privacy or anonymity on the internet. A forward proxy makes use of the internet as a client, and in this way, it could make use of an alternative IP address in addition to the original IP address.




Depending on how it's been configured, based on the configuration forward proxy could provide you with a range of choices and permit you to:




Avoid tracking ads.


Circumvent surveillance.


You can determine restrictions based on your geographical area.




Forward proxies also are used in systems that offer central security and allow access through permissions, like in workplaces. If all internet traffic flows through a standard forward proxy, an administrator can permit only a few clients access to the internet which is filtered by a standard firewall. Instead of putting firewalls in place for the client layer that may include multiple devices with various configurations and users, the firewall can be placed in the layer which forwards proxy traffic.




Note that forward proxies need to be manually setup to use them, while reverse proxy servers might not be detected from the customer. Based on the type of IP address that the customer, if it is relayed back to the origin server through forward proxy, privacy and anonymity can be granted, or not be noticed.




There are many options to consider when it comes to forward proxy choices:




Apache A well-known, open-source web server that provides forward proxy capabilities.


Nginx is another popular open-source web server with forward proxy features.


Squid is an open-source forward proxy which uses the HTTP protocol. Squid doesn't provide the complete web server service. We recommend that you follow our step-by-step guide to set up Squid proxy to allow private connections in Ubuntu 20.04.


Dante Forward Proxy that uses the SOCKS protocol rather than HTTP which is more suitable for use cases like peer-to-peer. It's also possible to find out how to set up a Dante proxy to connect private connections on Ubuntu 20.04



Understanding Reverse Proxies



Reverse proxy acts as a representative of a web server, handling any requests that come in from clients on behalf of. This server can comprise a singular server, or multiple servers. It could also function in the role of an application server, such as Gunicorn. In either scenario the request will come in from a client through the internet at large. In the majority of cases the request will go directly to the web server along with the information the client is in need of. Reverse proxy, however, serves as an intermediary, and separates it from directly interacting with the open internet.




From a client's perspective from a client's perspective, using reverse proxy is not different than interacting with a web server directly. It's the same thing and the client doesn't know the distinction. The client requests an item, is then granted access with no additional configuration required from the client.




Reverse proxy providers provide features like:




The web server is secured centrally.


The sending of traffic in accordance with rules you can decide to define.


Additional features to cache data.




Central security is an advantage of both forward and reverse proxy service, reverse proxy providers provide this benefit only to Web server layers, but not to the layer of clients. Instead of implementing firewalls on the layer of web servers, which could contain multiple servers that have different configurations, the majority of firewall security is centered at that layer called reverse proxy. In addition eliminating the hassle of dealing with firewalls as well as communicating requests from clients who aren't connected to web servers lets them concentrate on delivering the needs of their clients.




In the event of multiple servers existing behind a reverse proxy, the reverse proxy is also accountable to control which requests are routed to which servers. Multiple web servers might be providing the exact same resource, offering different types of resources or a combination of the two. They can use the HTTP protocol similarly to traditional web servers, however they may include other protocols for application servers such as FastCGI. It is possible to set up reverse proxy services to direct clients to specific servers depending on the requested resource or to follow specific guidelines for traffic load.




Reverse proxies can also benefit from their placement in front of web servers, providing caching functions. The large static file can be arranged with caching rules to avoid having to contact web servers for every request. Some options allowing you to serve static files directly without touching the web server in any way. Furthermore, the reverse proxy is able to handle compression of these assets.




The popular Nginx web server is also used as an extremely popular reverse proxy solution. Even though Apache can also be a reverse proxy option however, the Apache web server comes with an reverse proxy that is an additional feature for Apache however Nginx was originally designed to and focuses specifically on its reverse proxy feature.



Differentiating Forward Proxy from Reverse Proxy Examples



Since "forward" or "reverse" are associated with a sense of directionality and are misinterpreted as comparing "incoming" in addition to "outgoing" traffic These labels could be confusing since both kinds of proxies process requests and responses. Instead, a better way to differentiate between forward and reverse proxy is to look at the requirements of the app you're creating.




Reverse proxy can be a valuable tool in the development of a solution to offer web-based services via the internet. They are your web servers whenever you interact using the internet.




Forward proxy applications are beneficial for displaying clients for personal use, and even in a business environment. They are your client's proxy for all interactions on the internet.




The practice of segregating by use case rather than focussing on the commonly used naming conventions can make it simpler to avoid confusion.



Conclusion



This article will explain what a proxy is, along with the two types of proxy, which are the forward proxy as well as the reverse proxy. Practical applications and a review of the most beneficial features were utilized to differentiate forward proxies from reverse proxies. If you'd like to explore the possibilities of proxies then read our tutorial on how to set up Nginx as an internet server and reverse proxy within Apache using an Ubuntu 20.04 server.



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