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It is proxy or proxy server. proxy or proxy server. is a software program for servers that serves as an intermediary between a the server and the client on the internet. In the absence of an intermediary a user could submit a request for or resource to the server directly, and the server would serve direct the resource requested to the client. While this procedure is easy to understand and apply using proxy servers, it could provide benefits in terms of higher performance as well as privacy, security and many more. As a pass-through layer the proxy acts as a security intermediary between the servers and clients.




Generally speaking, the bundled system of hardware for servers as well as software to install proxy servers is commonly referred to by the name proxy servers. In this post, we'll focus on proxies typically understood as software, as well as those that are used to complement web servers. You will get a breakdown of the two main types of proxies, a forward proxy and a reverse proxy. reverse proxy. Each type has its own use case, and is often misunderstood due the similar naming convention.




This article will provide you with some understanding about what proxies and subtypes of them are, as well as how they can be used in most common configurations. Through this article, you will be able to identify the scenarios in which an effective proxy could be advantageous, and then choose the best option between forward and reverse proxy to suit your needs in any given situation.



Understanding Forward Proxies



Also a forward proxy is also known as open proxy open proxy is the client's representative that is trying to send requests via the internet to a server that originated. In this scenario the entire attempt to send requests from the client will be handled by the forward proxy. In this scenario, an agent acting on behalf of the forward proxy in the place of the client will examine the request. It is the first thing to determine what authorization the user has to make requests through this specific forward proxy. The forward proxy will then deny this request and send it back to the server originally. The client is unable to have direct connection to the internet. It is only able to access what the forward proxy gives it access to.




The most frequent applications for forward proxy servers is greater privacy or anonymity online. A forward proxy is able to connect to the internet in lieu of a client, and could use an alternate IP address to the IP address that was originally assigned to the client.




Depending on how it's been set up in the past forward proxy servers may offer a range of services and let you:




Do not be a victim of ad tracking.


Circumvent surveillance.


You can identify limitations based on your geographic location.




Forward proxies are also used in security systems that require centralized and allow access based on permissions like in a workplace. If all internet traffic flows through a common forward proxy layer an administrator is able to allow access only to specific people to connect on the internet. This is blocked by a standard firewall. Instead of keeping firewalls in place for the client layer, which may comprise a variety of devices that are different in user and environment the firewall could be placed at the front proxy layer.




It is important to note that forward proxy servers require manual configuration in order to be used however reverse proxies will be not noticed to the user. Based on whether the address IP of the customer is sent to the source server through the forward proxy, privacy and security may be granted or ignored.




There are many options to consider to find forward-looking proxy services:




Apache is an well-known open-source web server, that offers forward proxy capabilities.


Nginx: Another popular open-source web hosting server that has forward proxy functions.


Squid is an open-source forward proxy that uses an HTTP protocol. This option doesn't include the entire web server. We have a tutorial on how you can set up Squid proxy so that it allows private connections in Ubuntu 20.04.


Dante Forward Proxy that utilizes the SOCKS protocol instead of HTTP and is more suitable for situations like peer-to-peer connections. You can also look at how to set up Dante proxy to connect privately using Ubuntu 20.04



Understanding Reverse Proxies



Reverse proxy acts as an agent on behalf of a web server that handles any requests that are received by clients on behalf of. The web server could consist of a single server or a number of servers. It may also act for application servers, such as Gunicorn. In any of these situations, it is possible to get a request from a client via the internet at large. The majority of the time the request will be sent direct to the website that hosts the information the user needs. Reverse proxy is an intermediary, separating Web server from direct interactions with the open internet.




From a user's perspective, which is from a user's point of view, interfacing with reverse proxy isn't that different from connecting to your webserver directly. It's the same thing but the client isn't able to discern the distinction. The client requests an item and receives it without any additional configuration that needs to be performed by the customer.




Reverse proxy proxy servers can offer options, such as:




A centralized layer of security to protect the server.


Controlling traffic inbound based on rules you can establish.


A new feature for caching has been added.




Central security is an advantage of both forward and reverse proxy solutions, reverse proxy providers provide this benefit to the level of an internet server rather than the client layer. instead of the maintenance of firewalls at the layer of web servers that may contain multiple servers with various configurations, the bulk of firewall security can be targeted at this layer. In addition, the absence of interfacing with a firewall as well as interacting with clients' requests through web servers enables them to concentrate on the needs of their customers.




If there are several servers running through reverse proxy, the reverse proxy also takes care of the way requests are routed to which server. There are many web servers offering the same content but each serving different types of resources, or some mix of them. They may be using the HTTP protocol similar to a traditional web server, but they might also use applications server protocols like FastCGI. You may also set up reverse proxy servers to direct clients to specific servers based on the service requested or to follow specific rules regarding traffic load.




Reverse proxies also can make use of their position on top of web servers by providing the ability to cache data. Large static files can be configured using caching rules to prevent the server from getting hit on each request and some solutions even offer the option of providing static files directly, without involving the web server at all. Additionally, the reverse proxy could handle the compressing these assets.




The popular Nginx web server is an extremely popular reverse proxy solution. While the Apache website server equipped with reverse proxy function, it is an additional choice for Apache as opposed to Nginx was initially designed for and was designed specifically for reverse proxy functions.



Differentiating Forward Proxy and reverse Proxy Use Examples



Since "forward" in addition to "reverse" are associated with the notion of directionality and a false comparison with "incoming" as well as "outgoing" traffic These labels are confusing because both types of proxies manage both responses and requests. The best way to differentiate between forward and reverse proxy services is to consider the needs of the app you're creating.




A reverse proxy is useful when designing solutions that provide web-based applications on the internet. They act as your servers throughout all interactions on the web.




A forward proxy is helpful when placed on the internet in front of traffic from clients for your personal use or for work. They represent your client traffic when you use the internet.




The use case distinction rather than focusing solely on similar naming conventions will assist in avoiding confusion.



Conclusion



This article will explain what a proxy is with the two major types being the reverse and forward proxy. Practical application scenarios as well as an analysis of important characteristics were used to establish forward proxies as well as reverse proxies. If you're interested to learn more about the process of implementing proxy servers, check out our guide on how to install Nginx as a reverse and web server proxy with Apache running on the Ubuntu 20.04 server.



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